Improvement in nozzles for fire-engines



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JOHN J. HOFER. Oi NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

Lcttrrx Patent No. 71,75ii, dated December 3, 1807 IMPROVEMENT IN NOZZLES-FOR FIRE-ENGINES, (its.

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Be it known that I, JOHN J. HoFER, of the city of New Orleans, parish of Orleans, and State of Louisiana,

. have invented a new and improved Nozzle for Fire-Engines, Pumps, Hydrants, or any engine, machine, or

apparatus for projecting or throwing a jet or stream of water or other liquid with force, andat a distance from the point of discharge; and I do hercbyfdeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in thcart to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification, in whichi Figure 1 represents an external perspective view and elevation of this invention.

Figure 2 represents a longitudinal section of the same, showing the internal shape, conformations, and arrangement of the improved nozzle Similar letters of reference indicate like parts,

The nozzle may be made-of brass or any suitable material.

F represents the base of the nozzle, and the point at which it is connected with the d'clivery pipc or hose, by means of a scrcwjoint or otherwise. O F represents the tube or opening for the delivery of the water or liquid from the delivery-hose into the air-chamber A. The form of this pipe or opening is tapering, the diann etcl 7L 2' being made about equal to the internal diameter of the delivery-pipe or hose with which it is connected, and the diameterj I: being reduced to nearly the diameter of the jet of liquid which the nozzle is intended to throw. The pipe C E is so constructed that it, at the end 0, projects into the air-chamber A towards the pipe B D, so that the end of the pipe C E, which delivers the liquid or water into the air-chamber A, is above the bottom of the air-chamber A. A represents an air-chamber, of any convenient or suitable form, with internal capacity and size proportionate to the size of the nozzle. D B represents the opening or pipe through which thejet or stream is forced, and is constructed in such a manner as to allow the end, B, to project down into the air-chamber A, towards the pipe C E, far enough to enclose a portion of air between the cnd of the pipe at B and tho'upper surface of the air-chamber A, to act as a spring to relieve the friction of the liqu id against the sides of the tube D B, and insure a smooth, even discharge from the nozzle at D; but the pipe DB must, at the end B, be sufficiently far from the inside end of the pipe or opening C E, to allow free admission of liquid from the hose or delivery-pipe into the air-chamber A. The pipe D B should be constructed with the inner sides parallel, except at the opening at the end B in the air-chamber A, at which end I construct the pipe tapering for a short distance, the pipe having its inside diameter increased a the end B, in order to allow free admission of the liquid from the air-chamber.

The practical effect of my invention, and the arrangement of the various parts of the improved nozzle with the introduction of the air-chamber A, is to prevent the irregular discharge common in the ordinary nozzle, caused by the air and gases contained in the water and liquid; to utilize the same byu'ctaining a sufficient amountof elastic air or gas in the air-chamber A, to act as a spring to compress the liquid as it passes into the pipe D B, and to lessen thereby the amount of friction on the surface of the tube D B, insuring a more perfect stream or jet, and causing the same to be project-ed to a greater distance from the point of discharge by the use of any giventpower or force.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- An air-chamber, in combination with the nozzle, constructed and operating substantially as and for the purpose described.

JOHN J. HOFER.

Witnesses:

J. R. Bncnwrrn, G. GEN/is. 

